xfO8«f] sDkgLdf z]o/ nufgLsf gfddf 7uL ePsf] cf/f]k, d'2f–dfldnf;Fu} rls{of] ljjfb
sf7df8f}+ . /;'jf / wflbª lhNnfsf] l;dfgfdf cjl:yt ck/ d}n'ª vf]nfdf lgdf{0fwLg cj:yfdf /x]sf] ^=$@ d]ufjf6 Ifdtfsf] ck/ d}n'ª vf]nf …PÚ hnljB't cfof]hgfdf z]o/ nufgL ubf{ cfkm"x? 7luPsf] cf/f]k of}lgs tyf cNk;+Vos ;d'bfosf ;b:ox?n] nufPsf 5g\ .
pgLx?n] An' 8fOdG8 ;f];fO6LsL tTsfnLg cWoIf lk+sL u'?ª-;+lhj_ /  ck/ d}n'ª xfO8«f] kfj/ sDkgLdfly o:tf] cf/f]k nufPsf x'g\ . ;f];fO6Lsf ;b:ox?n] xfO8«f]kfj/df z]o/ nufgL ul/lbg] eGb} u'?ªn] ;d"bfosf JolQmx?dfkm{t /sd p7fP/ lxgfldgf u/]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn Go"h a}+ssf] :6'l8of]df lel8of] cGt/jftf{ lbPsf ;f];fO6Lsf tLg hgf ;b:on] u'?ªdfly 7uLsf] cf/f]k nufPsf x'g\ . tTsfnLg cWoIfsf] ;dGjodf k|j4{s sDkgL;Fusf] 5nkmnkl5 xfO8«f]kfj/df z]o/ nufgL u/]jfkt /fd|f] d'gfkmf cfpF5 eg]sfn] cfkm'x?n] To;df nufgL u/]klg xfn;Dd s'g}klg d'gfkmf gkfPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .
kLl8t kIfsf] k|ltlglwTj ub}{ An' 8fOd08 ;f];fO6Lsf ;+:yfks cWoIf ;'lgnafa' kGtn] ljj]szLn cfb{z OGe]:6d]G6 sDkgL k|fOe]6 lnld6]8dfkm{t OghL{ OlGhlgol/ª lnld6]8 k|j{4s /x]sf] ck/ d}n'ª vf]nf …PÚ hnljB't cfof]hgfdf z]o/ nufgL ul/lbg] eGb} ;f];fO6Lsf ;b:ox?;Fu tTsfnLg cWoIf u'?ªsf] ;Nnfxdf /sd p7fPsf] / b'?kof]u ePsf] cfz+sf JoQm u/] .
u'?ªn] ;b:ox?dfkm{t p7fPsf] pQm /sd xfO8«f] kfj/ sDkgLsf] z]o/df nufgL ul/lbPsf] elgPklg sltkonfO{ k|df0f kq g} glbPsf] / k|df0f kq kfPsfx?sf]df klg sDkgLsf] cWoIfsf] x:tfIf/ gePsfn] /sd lxgfldgf ePsf] x'g;Sg] pgn] atfP .
kGtn] g]kfn Go'h a}+snfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] ljj/0f cg';f/ ;f];fO6Lsf Ps ;b:on] OghL{ OGhLlgol/ª sDkgLsf] $)) lsQf ;+:yfks z]o/ vl/b u/]sf] b]lvG5 . pQm z]o/ vl/b u/]afkt tL ;b:on] sDkgLnfO{ $) xhf/ ?k}ofF a'emfPsf 5g\ . t/ sDkgLn] /sd a'em]sf] pQm k|df0f kqdf cWoIfsf] x:tfIf/ b]lvPsf] 5}g\ .
o; lx;fan] pQm xfO8«f] kfj/ sDkgL gSsnL ePsf] x'g;Sg] kGtsf] bfaL 5 . pQm /sd jf:tljs ?kdf hnljB't cfof]hgfdf nufgL ePsf] xf] jf xf]Og eGg] s'/fsf] olsg gePsfn] ;d"bfosf JolQmx?sf] /sd lxgfldgf ePsf] x'g;Sg] kGtsf] a'emfO 5 .
oBkL, ;f];fO6LsL tTsfnLg cWoIf u'?ªn] eg] ;d"bfosf JolQmx?;Fu} cfkm'n] klg JolQmut ?kdf ! nfv !) xhf/ ?k}ofF pQm xfO8«f]kfj/sf] z]o/df nufgL u/]sf] atfPsL 5g\ .
…olb d]/f] ;d"bfosf ;fyLx?sf] nufgL 8'a]df d]/f] klg 8'Ag] xf]nf . gSsnL sDkgL ePsf] eP d}n] lsg cfkm'klg hf]lvddf a;]/ nufgL ub{y]+ . d k"j{k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{sf] gofF zlQm kf6L{df cfj4 x'Fbf pxfFs} ;Nnfxdf pQm xfO8«f] kfj/df ;+:yfsf sl/a $) hgf ;b:ox?;lxt d]/f] ;d]t u/]/ sl/a !* b]lv @) nfv ?k}ofF nufgL ePsf] xf],Ú pgn] elgg\ . olx ljifodf kLl8tx?n] sDkgL lj?4 geO u'?ª la?4 lhNnf k|x/L kl/;/ sf7df8f}+ / lhNnf ;/sf/L jlsnsf] sfof{nodf d'2f btf{ u/fPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .
sl/a ;ft jif{cl3 gofF zlQm kf6L{df cfj4 eO k|ltlglw;efsf] ;dfg'kflts pDd]bjf/ ;d]t ag]sL u'?ªn] /;'jfsf o'jf g]tf k|]d tfdfªsf] k|:tfjdf ljj]szLn ;+:yfdfkm{t ;d"bfosf JolQmx?;Fu ;fd"lxs 5nkmn u/]/ cfly{s pkfh{gsf nflu xfO8«f] kfj/sf] z]o/df nufgL ul/Psf] atfOg\ . cfkm'nfO{ xfO8«f] kfj/sf] z]o/df nufgL ug]{ af/]df vf;} hfgsf/L gePsf] atfpFb} pgn] kf6L{ cWoIf afa'/fd e§/fO{ / pgsL kTgL lxl;nf odLsf] ;d]t ;'emfadf o:tf] sbd lnPsf] atfOg\ .
pgsf] ;+:yfsf ;b:ox?af6 hDdf ePsf] /sd hdnl:yt laef]/ a}+sdf /x]sf] xfO8«f]kfj/sf] vftfdf hDdf u/]sf] / ;ft jif{ lalt;Sbf klg kl/of]hgf cufl8 a9\g g;Sbf z]o/ k|df0fkq glbPsf] eGb} s]xL JolQmx?n] cfkm'dfly z+sf JoQm ub}{ 7uLsf] cf/f]k nufPsf] pgsf] bfaL 5 .
…;fyLx?nfO{ ;fgf] ePklg ;xof]u k'uf];, eljiodf cfly{s ?kn] /fd|f] xf]; elg kljq p2]Zon] k|f]T;flxt u/]sf] x'F . ;f];fO6Ldf /f]huf/Ldf /x]sf ;b:ox?aLr ;femf ;xdltdf nufgL ePsf] xf] . t/ clxn] lglxt :jfyL{ JolQmx?sf] pS;fx6df ;d"bfoleq} kmf6f] Nofpg]u/L d'2f dfldnf ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . k};f p7fPsf] Pjd b'?kof]u u/]sf] lnlvt / ;a'b k|df0fljgf bf}l8/xg'ePsf] 5 . cyf{t cfk;L ;Nnfx adf]lhd c;Gt'li6x?sf] ;Daf]wg x'g] k|z:t cfwf/x? x'Fbfx'Fb} s'g} JolQmsf] nx8df d]/f] k|lti7f / OHhtnfO{ wldNofpg] k|of; eO/x]sf] 5 . o;n] ;dfwfg lb+b}g,Ú u'?ªn] elgg\ .
lhNnf k|x/L kl/;/ sf7df8f}+df kLl8t kIfn] 7f8f] ph'/L lbPsf] / ;f]daf/ k|x/L, kLl8t kIf / xfO8«f] kfj/ ;~rfns lar 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . pQm 5nkmnsf ljifodf g]kfn Go'h a}snfO{ hfgsf/L lb+b} k|x/L kl/;/sf k|jQmf k|x/L pkl/Ifs clkn/fh af]x/fn] b'a}kIf lar ;dembf/L eO;s]sf] / ljjfb ;lN6Psf] cfkm"n] hfgsf/L kfPsf] atfP .
t/ 5nkmndf ;xefuL ePsf ;d"bfosfsf JolQmx?n] s'g} lgisif{ glgl:sPsf] atfP . k|x/Ln] klg cfk;L 5nkmn u/]/ ldNg ;'emfj lbPsf] pgLx?n] atfP . t/ kLl8t elgPsf JolQmx?n] k'gM x'nfsdfkm{t ph'/L k7fPsf] atfPsf 5g\ . 
s] eG5g xfO8«f]kfj/ k|j4{s <
otf ck/ d}n'ª xfO8«f]kfj/sf k|aGw lgb]{zs lhtdfg z]kf{n] eg] sDkgL gSsnL ePsf] / /sd lxgfldgf ePsf] bfaL k"0f{ ?kdf unt ePsf] atfPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn Go'h a}+s;Fusf] s'/fsfgLdf pgn] eg],… xfdLn] z]o/ a]r]sf] s'/f ;fFrf] xf] . ;/sf/L jlsn sfof{nodf d'2f k/]sf] eGg] ;'g]sf] 5' . pxfFx?n] k};f xfn]s} xf], xfdLn] k|df0fkq lbPs} xf] . xfd|f] k|f]h]S6 ToxfF 5Fb}5, sDkgL 5Fb}5, tkfOFx?nfO{ s] k|df0f rflxof] d ;a} lbnfOlbG5' eGb} d}n] lxhf] pxfFx?nfO{ eg]sf] lyPF,… pgn] eg] . …ca s;}n] ckmjfx km}nfpF5, xfjfsf] e/df bf}l8G5 eg] t d}n] s]lxklg ug{ ;lSbg .Ú sDkgL s;/L km]s x'G5 < b'O{ ca{ ?k}ofFsf] nufgLdf alQ aNg] tof/Ldf /x]sf] k|f]h]S6 km]s x'G5 / < pgn] k|Zg u/] .
k|df0f lagf sDkgLg} gSsnL eg]/ d'2f xfNg g} bf}l8g' eGbf cf/f]k nfpg'eGbf cufl8 k|df0f h'6fpg'kg]{ pgsf] ts{ 5 . cfkm"n] g} x:tfIf/ u/]/ /sd a'em]sf]n] k|x/L / ;/sf/L jlsnn] af]nfP sDkgLsf] ;a} k|df0f;lxt pkl:yt x'g] pgn] atfP .
lagf k|df0f s;}nfO{ cf/f]k nufpFbf dfgxfgLdf hfG5 eGg] s'/fsf] x]Ssf /fVg ;d]t pgn] cf/f]k nufpg]x?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . ;fy}, (% k|ltzt sfd ;lsPsf] sDkgLnfO{ km]s eg]/ k|x/Ldf ph'/L ug]{x?nfO{ g} cfkm'n] d'2f xfNg ;Sg] r]tfjgL klg pgn] lbP .
z]kf{sf cg';f/ pgLx?n] sDkgLdfkm{t k|fKt u/]sf] z]o/ ;+:yfks z]o/ xf] . nufgLstf{n] o:tf] vfnsf] z]o/ laqmL ug{sf nflu xfO8«f]kfj/af6 lah'nL pTkfbg ePsf] tLg aif{;Dd s'g{'kg]{ x'G5 . sDkgL clxn] cfO{kLcf]df hfg] k|lqmofdf /x]sf] 5 .
…s;}n] klg c?nfO{ unt cfIf]k jf cf/f]k nufP/ 7'nf] jf ;fgf] eOFb}g\ . oy]i6 k|df0fsf cfwf/df dfq} cf/f]k nufpg] ubf{ /fd|f] x'G5 . k"j{k|wfgdGqL Pjd\ gofFzlQm kf6L{sf cWoIf afa'/fd e6«fO{sf] kxndf of] nufgL sDkgLdf lelqPsf] xf] . ljj]szLn ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 e6«fO{dfkm{t nufgL cfPsf] xf] . s;n] stfaf6 nufgL Nofof] Tof] dnfO{ yfxf x'Fb}g t/ Pp6f ;+:yfaf6 cfPsfn] xfdLn] lnPsf] xf],… pgn] eg] . …Pp6f JolQmn] p7fPsf] s'/fdf xfdL bf}l8g ;Sb}gf}+ . pgLx? ljj]szLn ;+:yfdfkm{t cfPsfn] xfdLnfO{ eGbfklg Tolx ;+:yfdf a'‰g'kg]{ pgsf] ts{ 5 . o; xfO8«f]kfj/df sl/a @ xhf/ dfG5]n] o;/L nufgL u/]sf 5g\ . h;dWo] s/La @% b]lv %) hgf of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vos ;d"bfosf JolQmx?sf] nufgL /x]sf] ;'g]sf] 5' . % s/f]8 %) nfveGbf a9L jj]szLn ;+:yfaf6 cfPsf] 5 .Ú
s] eG5g kLl8t <
;f];fOl6sL tTsfnLg cWoIf lk+sL u'?ªn] OghL{ OGhLlgol/ª xfO8«f]kfj/df z]o/ nufgL u/]jfkt cfly{s ?kdf /fd|f] x'g] ;'emfj lbPsfn] cfkm'x?n] To;df nufgL u/]sf] ;f];fO6Ls} ;b:o /fd]Zj/ -gfdkl/jlt{t_ n] g]kfn Go'h a}+s;Fu atfP . u'?ªn] g} ;dGjo u/]/ eljiodf d'gfkmf cfpF5, tkfOFx?n] cf–cfˆgf] lx;fan] nufgL ug{'xf]nf eg]kl5 To;df k};f nufgL ul/Psf] pgn] atfP .
…xfd|f] t xfO8«f]kfj/df klg lrghfg 5}g\ / xfdL t /fhgLltlt/ klg gnfu]sf] dfG5] . To;sf/0f u'?ªn] eg]kl5 dfq} xfdLn] To;df nufgL u/]sf] xf] . !) xhf/ b]lv ! nfv;Dd nufgL ug]{x? klg 5g t/ d}n] rflxF !) xhf/ dfq nufgL u/]sf] 5' .Ú
…cfkm'n] nufgL u/]sf] /sdsf] s'g} d'gfkmf gkfPsf] oqf] jif{ eof] . xfdL ;a}n] gub g} lbPsfn] klg alnof] k|df0f 5}g\ . sDkgLn] klg s'g} k|df0f lbPsf] 5}g\ . xfdLnfO{ t k};f Nofpg' a'emfpg' dfq} eg]sf] xf] . xfdLn] ;f];fO6Ls} sfof{nodf gub k};f a'emfPsf xf}+ . ;ft jif{kl5 xfdLn] /sd a'emfPsf] k|df0fkq k|fKt u/]klg pQm k|df0fkqdf sDkgLsf] cWoIfsf] x:tfIf/ 5}g\ . oqf] jif{;Dd klg xfdLn] a'emfPsf] /sdsf] s'g}klg d'gfkmf gcfpFbf xfd|f] /sdsf] b'?kof]u eof] ls eGg] nfu]sf] 5 . ca o;sf] ;Dk'0f{ lhDd]jf/L lkÍL u'?ªn] g} lng'k5{ .Ú
o:t}, kLl8t bfjL ul//x]sf csf{ -sfd]Zj/_ gfd kl/jt{gn] klg cfkm'n] xfO8«f]kfj/sf] z]o/ lsGg $$ hf/ ?k}ofF a'emfPsf] atfP .
pgn] eg] …d}n] $$ xhf/ ?k}ofF a'emfPsf] ePklg pxfFx?n] $) xhf/sf] dfq} k|df0fkq lbg'ePsf] 5 . k|ltlsQf !!) sf] b/n] eGg' ePsf] lyof] t/ k|ltlsQf !) ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] k};f sxfF uof] Tof] t yfxf ePg\ . t/ /l;b rflxF $) xhf/sf] dfq} 5 . d}n] An' 8fOd08s} kmfOgfG; clkm;/nfO{ k};f a'emfPsf] xf] . To;a]nf xfdLnfO{ k};f a'emfP afkt/l;b dfq lbOPsf] lyof] t/ clxn] Ps jif{hlt eof] z]o/wgL k|df0f kq kfPsf] . y'k|}hgf;Fu o;/L k};f p7fOPsf] 5 sltkon] k};f 5}g eg]/ a'emfPgg\ . d}n] rflxF z]o/df nufgLubf{ 3f6f x'Fb}g kmfObf g} x'G5 eg]/ a'emfPsf] x'F .Ú
of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vos ;d"bfosf csf{ ;Dof]u -gfd kl/jt{g_ n] klg u'?ªs} dWo:ytfdf xfO8«f]kfj/df nufgL ug]{ eg]/ /sd p7fOPsf] atfP . d]/f] larf/df ;g\ @)!& sf] gf]e]Da/ dlxgf lt/sf] s'/f xf] . To;a]nf gofFzlQm kf6L{sf ;+:yfks ;+of]hs afa'/fd e§/fO{ jN8{ 6]«8 ;]G6/df sfo{qmd ug{'ePsf] lyof] . To;a]nf pgsL kTgL lx;Lnf odLnufot lk+sL u'?ª klg cltlysf] ?kdf x'g'x'GYof],Ú pgn] eg] . …xfdLnfO{ klg ToxfF af]nfOPsf] lyof], kl5 e§/fO{n] ;d'bfosf dfG5]nfO{ xfO8«f]kfj/dfkm{t cfly{s cfDbfgL u/fpg] eGb} u'?ªn] dWo:ytf u/]/ ;d'bfosf ;fyLx?;Fu xfO8«f] kfj/df z]o/ xfNgsf nflu cfslif{t ug{'ePsf] xf] . xfd|f] ;fyLx?n] klg cfˆgf] OR5f rfxgf / Ifdtf cg';f/ k};f a'emfPsf x'g\ .Ú
lk+sLsf] egfO h:tfsf] To:t}
sl/j ;ft jif{ cl3 d gofF zQmL kf6L{df cfj4 eP . ;d"bfosf] /fhgLlts ;dfj]lztf, ;+j}wflgs / sfg'gL clwsf/sf] nflu s'g} bndf ;+nUg x'g'k5{ eGg] dgzfon] ljz'4 ;d'bfodf xf]ldg'k5{ eGg] zQmLsf zfy nfluof] / k|tLlgwL ;efsf ;dfg'kflts pd]bjf/ klg eP . kf6L{sf] d'n gf/f cfly{s ;d[l4;+u} cfly{s qmflGtsf s]xL cleofg / sfo{qmdx? z'?jft x'g yfNof] . To;} k|;+udf /;'jfsf] ck/ d}n'ª xfO8«f] kfj/sf] s'/f /;'jfsf o'jf g]tf k|]d tfdfªhLn] Nofpg'eof] . kf6L{leq 3gLe't ?kdf 5nkmn rNof] . w]/} kf6L{ ;b:ox?n] lgs} rf;f]klg b]vfpg'eof] . dnfO{ rfxL xfO{8«f] kfj/ / z]o/sf] ljifodf Tolt 1fg lyPg . t/ kf6L{ leqsf] rrf{ / kl/rrf{n] ;fRr} cfly{s ;d[l4df xfO{8«f] kfj/n] 7"nf] e'ldsf v]Ng;S5 eGg] e|d ;j}df k/\of] . dnfO{klg afj'/fd e§/fO{ / lxl;nf odL clg k|]d tfdfªhLn] lk+sLhL n s]xL ug{'k5{ eGg'eof] . d cGof]ndf lyP . d}n] ;fyLx?;+u ;f]W5' eg] . clkm;df cfP/ dlgiff, /fh]z, k|sf; / ;+ho;+u ;Nnfx dfu]+ . x'G5, xfO{8«f] kfj/df t /fd|f] x'G5 eGg] k|ltlqmof cfof] . To;k5L cGo ;fyLx?nfO{ of] ljifodf 5nkmn u/fpg k|]d tfdfªhLnfO{ lgn lx/f ;dfhsf] sfof{nodf jf]nfP/ 5nkmn ul/of] . dnfO{ nfUof] sL o:tf] cj;/ 5 eg] d]/f] ;d'bfon] klg kfcf]; eGg] nfUof] .
To;} cg'?k cg'?k k|]d tfdfªhLn] ;fyLefO{;Fu 5nkmn ug{'eof] / /fhLv';L x'g] ;fyLx?n] ljj]szLn cfbz{sf] kmf/d eb}{ /l;b lng'eof] . k|df]6/ ;]o/sf] nflu kmf/fd eg]{ sfd eof] / hdnl:yt ljef]/ j}+sdf /sd hDdf ul/lbof}+ . sl/j ;ft jif{ cfOk'Ubf;Dd klg ck/ d}n'ªsf] xfO{8«f] kfj/ rNg ;s]g . s]xL ;fyLx?df z+sf pkz+sf plAhg yfn] . d}n] k|]d tfdfªhL;+u ;Dks{ ubf{ cj x'G5 gcfltg' eGg] vj/ cfof] . t/ w]/} ;dojfb kgL cfO{lkcf] v'n]g . z]o/ nfutsf] /sdsf] k|df0f kfpg ;lsPg . km]/L k|]dhL;+u s'/f ubf{ OghL{ OlGhlgol/ª sDkgL;+u ;Demf}tf ePsf] 5 ToxfFsf] Pd8L lht/fd z]kf{;+u s'/f ug{' eg]/ gDj/ lbg'eof] . d}+n] sn u/+] / yfkfynLl:yt OghL{ OlGhlgol/ª sDkgLdf e]6\g uP. pxfFn] xf] jLj]szLnjf6 k};f cfPsf] tkfO{+sf] ;fyLsf] gfd ln:6 lbg'eGg' eof] . d}n] ;'lbk uf}td 5f]/fnfO{ eg]/ ljj]szLn / OghL{ b'j}df gfd k7fpg nufP . cj nufgLsf] s] 5 t k|df0f eGg] s'/fx? cfP . OghL{n] 9'Ss x'g' xfdL lbG5f} eg] . kl5 km]l/ lhtdfghLnfO{ sn ubf{ lk+sLhL cj  dnfO{ xf]Og rG›hLnfO{ sn ug{' eg]/ gDa/ lbg'eof] .
pxfF ;+3if{ ;ldltsf] cWoIf x'g'x'Fbf] /x]5 . d}+n] pxf;+u jf/Djf/ sn u/]+ . ;'lbknfO{ e]6\g klg k7fP . kl5 ;l6{lkms]6 lbg] s'/f cfof] . n cj t 9'Ss eof] eGg] nfUof] . kl5 ;;l6{lkms]6 cfpFbf sDkgLsf] Pd8Lsf] x:tfIf/ / sDkgLsf] 5fk dfq ePsf] ;l6{lkms]6 cfof] . d}+n} plQg}v]/ rG›hLnfO{ sn u/]/ ;l6{lkms]6df cWoIf s'zs'df/ hf]zLsf] x:tfIf/ 5}g t eg]kl5 pxfFn] sDkgL 5fk g} cflwsfl/s xf] s]xL x'Gg eGg'efo] .
clxn] cfP/ s]xL d]/f ;fyLx?n] d}n] 7uL u/]sf], gSsnL k|df0fkq lbP/ 7uL u/]sf] eGg] cf/f]k nufO{ lhNnf k|x/L kl/;/ sfof{nodf lgj]bg lbPsf] /x]5 . d}n} s'g} jblgot /fv]/ c?nfO{ em'sofpmnf, 7uf}nf eGg] lgot /fv]/ u/]sf] lyPg t/ cfh gvfPsf] ljif klg nfUbf]/x]5 eGg] cfefif eO/fv]sf] 5 .